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(with initials etc)

  • 1 scratch

    skræ 
    1. verb
    1) (to mark or hurt by drawing a sharp point across: The cat scratched my hand; How did you scratch your leg?; I scratched myself on a rose bush.) arañar
    2) (to rub to relieve itching: You should try not to scratch insect bites.) rascar(se)
    3) (to make by scratching: He scratched his name on the rock with a sharp stone.) rascar, rayar, grabar
    4) (to remove by scratching: She threatened to scratch his eyes out.) arrancar
    5) (to withdraw from a game, race etc: That horse has been scratched.) retirar

    2. noun
    1) (a mark, injury or sound made by scratching: covered in scratches; a scratch at the door.) arañazo, rasguño, raspadura, marca, señal
    2) (a slight wound: I hurt myself, but it's only a scratch.) rasguño
    3) (in certain races or competitions, the starting point for people with no handicap or advantage.) línea de salida
    •
    - scratchiness
    - scratch the surface
    - start from scratch
    - up to scratch
    scratch1 n rasguño / arañazo
    scratch2 vb
    1. rascar
    if it itches, scratch it si te pica, ráscate
    2. arañar
    3. rayar
    tr[skræʧ]
    1 (on skin) arañazo, rasguño; (on paintwork, furniture) arañazo, raspadura, marca, señal nombre masculino; (on record, photo) raya
    2 (noise) chirrido
    3 SMALLSPORT/SMALL (start line) línea de salida
    1 (improvised) improvisado,-a
    2 (without handicap) sin hándicap
    1 (with nail, claw) arañar, rasguñar; (paintwork, furniture, record) rayar; (with initials etc) grabar
    ■ be careful the cat doesn't scratch you! ¡ojo que no te arañe el gato!
    ■ could you scratch my back? ¿me puedes rascar la espalda?
    3 SMALLSPORT/SMALL retirar
    4 (idea) descartar; (plan) abandonar
    1 (animal) arañar, rascar, rasguñar; (pen) raspear; (wool, sweater, towel) raspar, picar
    ■ does your cat scratch? ¿tu gato araña?
    2 (itch) rascarse
    ■ stop scratching! ¡deja de rascarte!
    3 SMALLSPORT/SMALL retirarse
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    to be/come up to scratch dar la talla, ser del nivel requerido
    to scratch one's head (think) calentarse la cabeza, darle vueltas en la cabeza
    to scratch somebody's eyes out sacarle los ojos a alguien
    to scratch the surface of something tratar algo muy por encima
    to start from scratch empezar de cero, partir de cero
    you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours favor con favor se paga, hoy por ti y mañana por mí
    scratch pad SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL bloc nombre masculino de notas
    scratch test SMALLMEDICINE/SMALL cutirreacción nombre femenino
    scratch ['skræʧ] vt
    1) : arañar, rasguñar
    2) mark: rayar, marcar
    3)
    to scratch out : tachar
    1) : rasguño m, arañazo m (en la piel), rayón m (en un mueble, etc.)
    2) : sonido m rasposo
    I heard a scratch at the door: oí como que raspaban a la puerta
    adj.
    • improvisado, -a adj.
    • rasguño, -a adj.
    n.
    • arañazo s.m.
    • chiripa s.f.
    • desolladura s.f.
    • línea de partida s.f.
    • rascadura s.f.
    • rasguño s.m.
    • rayado s.m.
    • tachón s.m.
    • uñada s.f.
    • zaparrazo s.m.
    v.
    • arañar v.
    • arpar v.
    • escarbar v.
    • gatear v.
    • rascar v.
    • rasguñar v.
    • raspar v.
    • rayar v.

    I skrætʃ
    count noun
    1)
    a) ( injury) rasguño m, arañazo m

    he escaped without a scratch — resultó ileso, salió sin un rasguño

    b) (on paint, record, furniture) rayón m
    c) ( sound) chirrido m
    d) ( act) (no pl)

    can you give my back a scratch? — ¿me rascas la espalda?

    from scratch: he learned German from scratch aprendió alemán empezando desde cero; I had to start from scratch tuvo que empezar desde cero; to be up to scratch — (colloq) dar* la talla


    II
    1.
    a) ( damage) \<\<paint/record/furniture\>\> rayar
    b) (with claws, nails) arañar
    c) \<\<name/initials\>\> marcar*, grabar
    d) ( to relieve itch) \<\<bite/rash\>\> rascarse*

    could you scratch my back for me? — ¿me rascas la espalda?

    you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours — favor con favor se paga, hoy por ti, mañana por mí


    2.
    vi
    1)
    a) (damage, wound) arañar
    b) ( rub) \<\<wool/sweater\>\> raspar, picar*
    c) ( to relieve itching) rascarse*
    d) ( make scratching sound) rascar*
    2) ( withdraw) ( Sport) retirarse
    •
    Phrasal Verbs:

    III
    adjective (before n)
    a) (haphazard, motley) <team/meal> improvisado
    b) ( Sport) <player/runner> de primera
    ['skrætʃ]
    1. N
    1) (=mark) (on skin) arañazo m, rasguño m ; (on surface, record) raya f

    it's just a scratch — es solo un rasguño, nada más

    2) (=noise) chirrido m
    3)

    to start from scratch — (fig) partir de or empezar desde cero

    we shall have to start from scratch again — tendremos que partir nuevamente de cero, tendremos que comenzar desde el principio otra vez

    to be or come up to scratch — cumplir con los requisitos

    to bring/keep sth up to scratch — poner/mantener algo en buenas condiciones

    2. VT
    1) (with claw, nail etc) rasguñar, arañar; (making sound) rascar, raspar; [+ surface, record] rayar; (=scramble, dig) escarbar
    surface 1., 1)
    2) (to relieve itch) rascarse
    3) (=cancel) [+ meeting, game] cancelar; (=cross off list) [+ horse, competitor] tachar, borrar
    4) (Comput) borrar
    3.
    VI [person, dog etc] rascarse; [hens] escarbar; [pen] rascar; [clothing] rascar, picar

    stop scratching! — ¡deja de rascarte!

    4.
    CPD [competitor] sin ventaja

    scratch card N — tarjeta f de "rasque y gane"

    scratch file N — (Comput) fichero m de trabajo

    scratch meal N — comida f improvisada

    scratch pad N — (US) (=notepad) bloc m (para apuntes o para borrador) ; (Comput) bloc m de notas

    scratch pad memory N — (Comput) memoria f del bloc de notas

    scratch paper N — (US) papel m de borrador

    scratch score N — (Golf) puntuación f par

    scratch tape N — cinta f reutilizable

    scratch team N — equipo m improvisado

    * * *

    I [skrætʃ]
    count noun
    1)
    a) ( injury) rasguño m, arañazo m

    he escaped without a scratch — resultó ileso, salió sin un rasguño

    b) (on paint, record, furniture) rayón m
    c) ( sound) chirrido m
    d) ( act) (no pl)

    can you give my back a scratch? — ¿me rascas la espalda?

    from scratch: he learned German from scratch aprendió alemán empezando desde cero; I had to start from scratch tuvo que empezar desde cero; to be up to scratch — (colloq) dar* la talla


    II
    1.
    a) ( damage) \<\<paint/record/furniture\>\> rayar
    b) (with claws, nails) arañar
    c) \<\<name/initials\>\> marcar*, grabar
    d) ( to relieve itch) \<\<bite/rash\>\> rascarse*

    could you scratch my back for me? — ¿me rascas la espalda?

    you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours — favor con favor se paga, hoy por ti, mañana por mí


    2.
    vi
    1)
    a) (damage, wound) arañar
    b) ( rub) \<\<wool/sweater\>\> raspar, picar*
    c) ( to relieve itching) rascarse*
    d) ( make scratching sound) rascar*
    2) ( withdraw) ( Sport) retirarse
    •
    Phrasal Verbs:

    III
    adjective (before n)
    a) (haphazard, motley) <team/meal> improvisado
    b) ( Sport) <player/runner> de primera

    English-spanish dictionary > scratch

  • 2 stamp

    1. II
    stamp somewhere stamp upstairs (downstairs) подниматься (спускаться) по лестнице, тяжело и громко стуча /топая/ ногами
    2. III
    1) stamp smth. stamp one's foot (feet) топать ногой (ногами); stamp the ground топать по земле
    2) stamp smth. stamp a receipt (a document, a letter, a deed, etc.) поставить штамп /штемпель/ на квитанцию и т.д., проштамповать квитанцию и т.д., stamp an address ставить штамп с адресом; stamp weights (balances, measures of capacity, etc.) клеймить гири и т.д.; stamp coins чеканить монеты; stamp a letter (an envelope, a card, etc.) наклеивать марку (марки) на письме и т.д.
    3) stamp smb. that stamps him это сразу показывает, что он из себя представляет
    3. IV
    stamp smth. in some manner stamp one's foot angrily (violently, petulantly, viciously, impotently, etc.) гневно и т.д. топать ногой
    4. V
    stamp smb. smb. stamp him a gentleman (him an educated man, the man a villain, etc.) характеризовать его как джентльмена и т.д.
    5. VI
    1) stamp smth. as being in some state stamp smth. false определить что-л. как ложное; this alone stamps it false одно это уже говорит о том, что это подделка
    2) stamp smth. as being in some state stamp the grass (a hat, a flower, etc.) flat примять /смять, растоптать/ траву и т.д.
    3) stamp smth. as being of some quality stamp a plan top secret (an envelope personal, a letter urgent, etc.) ставить на плане штамп "совершенно секретно" и т.д.
    6. VII
    stamp smth. to do smth. stamp one's feet to keep warm топать ногами, чтобы не замерзнуть
    7. XI
    be stamped in some manner the letter is insufficiently stamped and 12 cents is due from you на письмо наклеено мало марок и вам придется доплатить двенадцать центов; be stamped with smth. this notepaper is stamped with his address на почтовой бумаге отпечатан его адрес /стоит гриф с его адресом/; goods stamped with the maker's name товары с клеймом изготовителя; а coin stamped with a crown монета, на которой выбита корона; the letter was stamped with a postmark на письме стоял почтовый штемпель; be stamped on smth. the scene (smb.'s image, smb.'s speech, etc.) was stamped on my memory (on his heart, on smb.'s mind, etc.) сцена и т.д. врезалась мне в память и т.д., your words were stamped on my heart ваши слова запали мне в душу; contentment was stamped on every face на всех лицах отражалось удовлетворение; his individuality is strongly stamped on all his work на всех его работах лежит печать его индивидуальности; be stamped into smth. it has been pretty well stamped into the minds and memories of several generations of Londoners это запало в душу и в память нескольких поколений лондонцев
    8. XII
    have smth. stamped have this document stamped поставить на документе штамп; have one's initials stamped on smth. выбить свой инициалы на чем-л.
    9. XVI
    stamp with smth. stamp with rage (with fury, with anger, etc.) гневно и т.д. топать ногами; stamp about (along, out of) smth. stamp about the room (along the passage, etc.) тяжелыми шагами ходить по комнате и т.д.; stamp out of the room выйти из комнаты, громко топая ногами; stamp on smth., smb. stamp on a cigarette (on a spider, on the ring, etc.) затоптать /растоптать/ сигарету /окурок/ и т.д. ногой
    10. XVIII
    stamp oneself on smth. memories that stamp themselves on the mind воспоминания, которые врезались в память
    11. XXI1
    1) stamp smth. on smth. stamp one's feet on the ground топать ногами по полу; stamp one's big boots on the stairs топать сапожищами по лестнице; stamp smth. with smth. stamp a cigarette (a piece of paper, etc.) with the foot растоптать сигарету и т.д. ногой; stamp smth. from smth. stamp the snow from one's boots отряхивать /сбивать/ с ботинок снег, топая ногами; stamp smth. to smth. stamp ores (rock, etc.) to powder (to dust, to fragments, etc.) измельчать руду и т.д. в порошок и т.д.: stamp smth. in smth. stamp a trail in the snow протоптать тропинку в снегу; stamp one's feet in anger в гневе топать ногами
    2) stamp smth. on smth. stamp "paid for" on a bill (the name of the manufacturer on the box, one's initials on a document, one's name on a book, one's name and address on an envelope, etc.) поставить штамп "оплачено" на счет и т.д.; stamp patterns on cloth выбивать /набивать/ рисунок на ткани; stamp smth. with smth. stamp a document with the address and date (notepaper with one's address, an article with a trade mark, a letter with a seal, the paper with one's initials, etc.) ставить на документе штамп с адресом и датой и т.д.; stamp a letter (an envelope, a card, a parcel, etc.) with a stamp (with a three halfpenny stamp, etc.) наклеить на письмо и т.д. марку и т.д.; age stamped his face with lines время избороздило его лицо морщинами; stamp a scene (an incident, this image, a warning, etc.) on smb.'s mind /on smb.'s memory/ запечатлеть эту сцену и т.д. в памяти
    12. XXIV1
    stamp smb., smth. as smb., smth. stamp him as an educated man (the man as a coward, her as a villain, him as a swindler, him as a man of high principles, the story as an invention, his words as slander, etc.) характеризовать его как образованного человека и т.д.; his ingenuity with words stamped him as a potential poet его искусство обращаться со словом говорило о его поэтических задатках
    13. XXIV2
    stamp smth. as being of some kind his behaviour stamped his words as false по его поведению сразу было видно, что он лжет

    English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > stamp

  • 3 initial

    [i'niʃəl] 1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) indledende; første
    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) initial
    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) underskrive med initialer

    [-ʃieit]

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.) påbegynde; iværksætte; indføre

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.) optage; indvie

    [-ʃiət]

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).) en optagen; en indviet

    - initiation
    - initiative
    * * *
    [i'niʃəl] 1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) indledende; første
    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) initial
    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) underskrive med initialer

    [-ʃieit]

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.) påbegynde; iværksætte; indføre

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.) optage; indvie

    [-ʃiət]

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).) en optagen; en indviet

    - initiation
    - initiative

    English-Danish dictionary > initial

  • 4 initial

    1. adjective
    anfänglich; zu Anfang auftretend [Symptome]; Anfangs[stadium, -schwierigkeiten]
    2. noun esp. in pl.
    Initiale, die
    3. transitive verb,
    (Brit.) - ll- abzeichnen [Scheck, Quittung]; paraphieren [Vertrag, Abkommen usw.]
    * * *
    [i'niʃəl] 1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) anfänglich
    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) die Initiale
    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) mit Initialen unterzeichen

    [-ʃieit]

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.) ins Leben rufen

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.) einweihen

    [-ʃiət]

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).) der/die Eingeweihte

    - academic.ru/38189/initially">initially
    - initiation
    - initiative
    * * *
    ini·tial
    [ɪˈnɪʃəl]
    I. adj attr, inv anfänglich, erste(r, s)
    my \initial surprise was soon replaced by delight meine anfängliche Überraschung wandelte sich schnell in Freude
    \initial reports say that... ersten Meldungen zufolge...
    an \initial letter ein erster Brief
    in the \initial phases [or stages] in der Anfangsphase
    \initial concentration CHEM Anfangskonzentration f
    \initial resistance PHYS Anfangswiderstand m
    \initial voltage ELEC Anfangsspannung f
    II. n Initiale f
    what does the \initial, X, in your name stand for? wofür steht das X in deinem Namen?
    ▪ \initials pl Initialen pl, Anfangsbuchstaben pl, Initialen pl ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ
    to mark [or sign] a page with one's \initials seine Initialen unter eine Seite setzen
    III. vt
    < BRIT - ll- or AM usu -l->
    ▪ to \initial sth etw abzeichnen [o paraphieren]
    * * *
    [I'nISəl]
    1. adj
    1) anfänglich, Anfangs-

    in the initial stages — im Anfangsstadium

    2) (LING) anlautend
    3) (TYP)

    initial letter — Anfangsbuchstabe m, Initiale f

    2. n
    Initiale f; (TYP ALSO) Anfangsbuchstabe m

    to sign a letter with one's initials — seine Initialen or (Pol) Paraphe unter einen Brief setzen; (Comm) einen Brief abzeichnen or mit seinem Namenszeichen versehen

    3. vt
    letter, document mit seinen Initialen unterzeichnen; (COMM) abzeichnen; (POL) paraphieren
    * * *
    initial [ıˈnıʃl]
    A adj (adv → initially)
    1. anfänglich, Anfangs…, Ausgangs…, erst(er, e, es):
    initial advertising WIRTSCH Einführungswerbung f;
    initial allowances pl Br Erst- oder Sonderabschreibung f bei Neuanschaffungen;
    a) Einrichtungskosten pl,
    b) Anlagekosten pl;
    initial cost WIRTSCH Anfangskosten pl;
    initial dividend WIRTSCH Abschlagsdividende f;
    initial estimates erste Schätzungen;
    initial letter Anfangsbuchstabe m;
    initial position MIL, TECH etc Ausgangsstellung f;
    initial material WIRTSCH Ausgangsmaterial n;
    initial payment Anzahlung f;
    initial salary Anfangsgehalt n;
    initial stage(s pl) Anfangsstadium n;
    initial subscription WIRTSCH Erstzeichnung f;
    initial symptoms erste Symptome, Anfangssymptome;
    initial teaching alphabet Lautschrift f für den Anfangsunterricht im Lesen; → outlay B
    2. TECH Anfangs…, Vor…:
    initial tension Vorspannung f
    3. LING anlautend:
    B s
    1. Initiale f, (großer) Anfangsbuchstabe
    2. pl Monogramm n
    3. BOT Meristemzelle f
    C v/t prät und pperf -tialed, besonders Br -tialled
    1. mit seinen Initialen versehen oder unterzeichnen, abzeichnen, POL paraphieren
    2. mit einem Monogramm versehen:
    initial(l)ed paper Monogrammpapier n
    * * *
    1. adjective
    anfänglich; zu Anfang auftretend [Symptome]; Anfangs[stadium, -schwierigkeiten]
    2. noun esp. in pl.
    Initiale, die
    3. transitive verb,
    (Brit.) - ll- abzeichnen [Scheck, Quittung]; paraphieren [Vertrag, Abkommen usw.]
    * * *
    adj.
    Anfangs- präfix.
    anfänglich adj. n.
    Anfang -ë m.
    Initiale -n f.

    English-german dictionary > initial

  • 5 initial

    i'niʃəl
    1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) inicial

    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) inicial

    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) firmar con las iniciales

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.) iniciar, poner en marcha

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.) admitir

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).) iniciado

    - initiation
    - initiative
    initial1 adj inicial
    initial2 n inicial
    the initials on the case were A.R.H. las iniciales en la maleta eran A.R.H.
    tr[ɪ'nɪʃəl]
    1 inicial, primero,-a
    1 inicial nombre femenino, letra inicial
    1 firmar con las iniciales
    initial [ɪ'nɪʃəl] vt, - tialed or - tialled ; - tialing or - tialling : poner las iniciales a, firmar con las iniciales
    initial adj
    : inicial, primero
    ♦ initially adv
    : inicial f
    adj.
    • inicial adj.
    n.
    • inicial s.m.
    v.
    • firmar con iniciales v.
    • marcar con iniciales v.

    I ɪ'nɪʃəl
    adjective inicial

    in the initial stages — en la etapa inicial, al principio


    II
    noun inicial f

    III
    transitive verb, BrE - ll- inicialar, ponerle* las iniciales a
    [ɪ'nɪʃǝl]
    1.
    ADJ [shock, success, cost, report] inicial

    my initial reaction was to... — mi primera reacción fue...

    in the initial stages — al principio, en la etapa inicial, en la primera etapa

    2.
    N (=letter) inicial f
    3.
    VT [+ letter, document] firmar con las iniciales
    4.
    CPD

    initial expenses NPL — gastos mpl iniciales

    * * *

    I [ɪ'nɪʃəl]
    adjective inicial

    in the initial stages — en la etapa inicial, al principio


    II
    noun inicial f

    III
    transitive verb, BrE - ll- inicialar, ponerle* las iniciales a

    English-spanish dictionary > initial

  • 6 work

    1. I
    1) men must work люди должны трудиться
    2) the lift (the typewriter, etc.) won't work лифт и т.д. не работает; the bell (the manometer, etc.) didn't work звонок и т.д. не действовал; I can't make the car (this pump, this machine, etc.) work не могу наладить машину /автомобиль/ и т.д.; my brain doesn't seem to be working я что-то плохо соображаю
    3) the medicine /the drug/ (the treatment, this diet, etc.) works лекарство и т.д. оказывает действие /действует/; the pill didn't work таблетка не помогла /не подействовала/; the yeast is beginning to work дрожжи начинают подниматься; yeast makes beer work пиво от дрожжей начинает бродить; we tried this plan, but it did not work мы попробовали применить этот план, но [из этого] ничего не вышло
    4) his face /features/ began to work [от волнения и т.п.] у него начало подергиваться лицо; her lips /her mouth/ worked у нее дрожали губы
    2. II
    1) work in some manner work hard (well enough, steadily, conscientiously, busily, etc.) усердно и т.д. работать /трудиться/; he can hardly work at all он почти совсем не может работать; work for (at) some time work day and night работать день и ночь; work overtime перерабатывать, работать сверхурочно; he is not working now a) у него сейчас нет работы; б) он сейчас не работает
    2) work in some manner the bell (the engine, the gear, the motor, etc.) works well (easily, smoothly, etc.) звонок и т.д. хорошо и т.д. работает; the system works badly система не отлажена; the hinges work stiffly (freely) петли тугие (свободные); my heart works badly сердце у меня пошаливает
    3) work in some manner the plan (smb.'s scheme, this new method, etc.) works well (successfully, etc.) план и т.д. оказался удачным /эффективным/; it can work both ways это может помочь, но может и навредить
    4) work in some manner his face (mouth, etc.) works nervously (violently, etc.) его лицо и т.д. нервно и т.д. подергивается
    5) work in some direction work up (down, out, etc.) пробираться /пробиваться, прокладывать себе путь/ вверх и т.А; her stockings worked down, у нее спустились чулки; the shirt worked up /out/ рубашка выбилась /вылезла/ из брюк или юбки
    3. III
    work smth.
    1) work all day [long] (two hours a day, part time, etc.) работать весь /целый/ день и т.д.; work forty hours a week иметь сорокачасовую рабочую неделю
    2) work a typewriter (an adding machine, a tractor, a pump, etc.) работать на пишущей машинке и т.д.; I don't know how to work this gadget я не знаю, как обращаться с этой штукой /с этим приспособлением/; work a farm (a railway, a coal-mine, an estate, etc.) управлять фермой и т.д.
    3) work one's fingers (one's muscles, etc.) разрабатывать /тренировать/ пальцы и т.д.; work a scheme разрабатывать план; work a district (the constituency, etc.) обслуживать район и т.д.
    4) work the soil (iron, this kind of stone, etc.) обрабатывать почву и т.д.; work clay месить глину: work the dough вымешивать /месить/ тесто; work butter сбивать масло; work smb.'s initials вышивать (вырезать, выбивать и т.я.) чьи-л. инициалы; work buttonholes метать петли; work a shawl связать шаль
    5) work one's fingers (one's toes, one's lips, etc.) шевелить пальцами и т.д.; work one's jaws сжимать и разжимать челюсти, двигать челюстями
    6) work harm приносить вред; work destruction причинять разрушение; work havoc производить опустошение; work mischief натворить бед, устроить скандал; work changes производить перемены; work cures приносить исцеление; work-wonders /miracles/ творить чудеса
    4. IV
    1) work smb. in some manner work smb. hard (long hours) заставлять кого-л. усердно (много) работать, изнурять кого-л. работой
    2) work smth. somewhere work one's way forward (upwards, in, out, etc.) прокладывать себе путь /пробиваться/ вперед и т.д.; work one's way down с трудом спускаться; work one's way up а) пробиваться наверх; б) добиваться положения в обществе
    3) work smth. somewhere the trapper worked the stream up охотник расставил капканы вверх по ручью
    4) work smth. in some manner work one's fingers (one's lips, etc.) nervously нервно сжимать и разжимать пальцы и т.д.
    5. VI
    work smth. into some state work a screw (a rope, a string, a tie, a knot, etc.) loose ослабить гайку и т.д.; work one's hands free освобождать /высвобождать, развязывать себе/ руки; work the chain (the rope, etc.) free освободиться от цепей и т.д.
    6. XI
    1) be worked by smth. this machine (the pump, the doll, etc.) is worked by electricity эта машина и т.д. приводится в действие электричеством /работает при помощи электричества/ || to be worked to the limit использовать до конца; the device has not yet been worked to the limit еще не все ресурсы этого приспособления использованы полностью
    2) be worked for some time the number of hours worked weekly shall be reduced to 40 рабочая неделя будет сокращена до 40 часов
    7. XIII
    work to do smth. men must work to live чтобы жить, люди должны работать; he worked to put his brother through college он работал, чтобы его брат мог закончить колледж
    8. XV
    work into some state work loose ослабнуть; work free освободиться; the window catch (the screw, the nut, the handle, etc.) worked loose оконный шпингалет и т.д. разболтался
    9. XVI
    1) work at (in, on) some place work at an airplane factory (at a mill, at school, at an office, in an advertizing department, etc.) работать на авиационном заводе и т.д.; work in one's study (in the open air, in a garden, at one's desk, on a scaffolding, etc.) работать у себя в кабинете и т.д.; work on the land работать в сельском хозяйстве; work with smb. work with a grocer (with a florist, with this firm, with us, etc.) работать /служить/ у бакалейщика и т.д.; he is hard to work with с ним трудно работать /иметь дело/; work in (at, into, by, under) smth. work in one's spare hours (late into the night, late at night, by day, by night, etc.) работать в свой свободные часы и т.д.; work at top capacity (in full swing) работать на полную мощность; work at 2,500 HP иметь мощность в две тысячи пятьсот лошадиных сил; work under hard conditions работать в тяжелых условиях; work in shifts работать посменно; work for smth., smb. work for self-support (for a living, for a degree, for a higher certificate etc.) работать, чтобы обеспечить себя и т.д.; work for a small pay (for a wage, etc.) работать за небольшую плату и т.д.; work for a company (for a firm, etc.) служить в какой-л. компании и т.д.; work for the government быть на государственной службе; work with (without) smth. work with one's hands (with one's head, with a brush and paint, etc.) работать руками и т.д.; work with interest (with enthusiasm, with a will, without cessation, etc.) работать с интересом и т.д.;
    2) work on smth. work on an axle (on a pivot, etc.) вращаться на оси и т.д.; work on liquid fuel (on wood, on refined or crude petroleum, on all voltages, etc.) работать на жидком топливе и т.д.; this clock works on a spring эти часы приводятся в движение пружиной
    3) work in (with) smth. work in wood работать по дереву; work in oils (in water-colours, in distemper, etc.) писать маслом и т.д.; work in leather а) изготовлять изделия из кожи; б) тиснить кожу; work with silver (with gold, with wood, etc.) работать с серебром и т.д.; work at (on) smth. work at a shawl вышивать или вязать шаль; work on a tapestry (on a tombstone, etc.) работать над гобеленом и т.д.; work through smth. work through literature bearing on the subject (through the list, etc.) проработать литературу, относящуюся к данному вопросу и т.д.
    4) work at (on, upon, over) smth. work at history (at Greek, etc.) заниматься историей и т.д.; work at a new invention (at a topic, at a subject for many years, at a portrait, at a dictionary, etc.) работать над новым изобретением и т.д.; work at one's lessons делать /готовить/ уроки; work at one's profession совершенствовать свое профессиональное мастерство; work on this suggestion (on a new novel, on the case, etc.) работать над этим предложением и т.д.; have no data to work (up)on не иметь данных, из которых можно было бы исходить; work over a book (over a play, etc.) работать над книгой и т.д.; I worked over this letter half a dozen times before I sent it я переделывал это письмо десятки раз, прежде чем я его отправил; work over smb. I worked over him for an hour before I could revive him я бился целый час, чтобы привести его в чувство; after the match a masseur worked over him после матча его массировал массажист; work against (for, to, toward, towards) smth. work against war (against the cause, etc.) бороться /действовать, выступать/ против войны и т.д.; work for peace (for a cause, to the same end, toward(s) such results, for the good of humanity, for the world, etc.) работать на благо мира и т.д.; work in smth. work in literature работать в области литературы; work in this direction действовать в этом направлении; work in the interest of humanity работать на благо человечества; work with smb., smth. work with an English class (with a group, with children, etc.) работать /заниматься/ с английской группой и т.д.; work with figures иметь дело с цифрами
    5) work along (into, through, etc.) smth. work along the shelf of the rock с трудом продвигаться по уступу скалы; the grub worked into the wood в дереве завелся червячок; work into smb.'s favour coll. [хитростью] добиться чьего-л. расположения; work through the forest пробираться через лес; the rain works through the roof дождь проникает через крышу; his elbow has worked through the sleeve рукав у него протерся на локте; his toes worked through the boot его сапоги "каши просят"; the ship worked to windward корабль вышел на /выиграл/ ветер
    6) work with smth. smb.'s face (smb.'s lips, smb.'s features, smb.'s mouth, etc.) works with emotion (with excitement, with an effort to keep tears back, etc,) чье-л. лицо и т.д. подергивается от волнения и т.д.
    7) work (up)on smth., smb. work on smb.'s mind ((up)on smb.'s feelings, (up)on people, (up)on the vegetation, (up)on the public conscience, etc.) влиять /оказывать воздействие/ на чье-л. мнение и т.д.; work in smth. just drop a hint and leave it to work in his mind сделайте только намек, и мысль сама созреет в его голове; work with smb. the methods that work with one will not necessarily work with another то, что хорошо для одного, не обязательно годятся для другого, методы воздействия, годные для одного [человека], не обязательно будут эффективны для другого
    10. XVIII
    work oneself to some state he worked himself ill он переутомился и заболел || work oneself into smb.'s favour /into favour with smb./ добиться чьего-л. расположения; the rope (the knot, etc.) worked itself loose веревка и т.д. ослабла /развязалась/; the stream will work itself clear after rain когда пройдет дождь, поток снова станет прозрачным
    11. XIX1
    1) work like smb. work like a slave (like a horse, like a navvy, etc.) = работать как вол
    2) work like smth. work like magic /like a charm/ оказывать магическое действие
    12. XX1
    work as smb. work as a shop assistant (as a clerk, as a typist, as a cook, as a receptionist, etc.) работать продавцом и т.д.
    13. XXI1
    1) work smth. to smth. work one's passage /one's fare, one's ticket/ to the south (to America, etc.) отработать свой проезд на юг и т.д.; work one's way through college работать, чтобы иметь средства платить за обучение; work smb., smth. to some state work oneself (the slaves, etc.) to death изводить /изнурять/ себя и т.д. работой; work one's fingers to the bone стирать себе пальцы до крови /в кровь/
    2) work smth. by smth. work this machine (this device, etc.) by electricity (by radio, etc.) управлять этой машиной /приводить в действие эту машину/ и т.д. при помощи электричества и т.д.
    3) work smth. in smth. work flowers (lilies, a strange pattern, etc.) in silver thread (in silk, ill wool, etc.) вышивать цветы и т.д. серебряными нотками и т.д.; work smth. into smth. work the iron into a horseshoe изогнуть железо в подкову; work cotton into thread (hemp into cords, a silver dollar into a bracelet, etc.) сделать из хлопка нитки и т.д.; work one's hair into a knot закрутить /собрать/ волосы в узел /в пучок/; work cottage cheese into a smooth paste стереть творог в однородную массу; work smth. on smth. work a design on a cushion (one's initials on a handkerchief, eft.) вышивать узор и т.д. на подушке и т.д.; work smth. with smth. work a table-cloth (a robe, a blouse, etc.) with silk (with ornament, with lilies, etc.) расшивать скатерть и т.д. шелком и т.д.
    4) work smb. into some state work smb. (oneself, one's audience, etc.) into a rage (into a fever, into a hysterical mood, etc.) доводить кого-л. до бешенства и т.д.; don't work yourself into a temper! не взвинчивай себя!; work smb. for smth. work smb. for a loan (for a ticket, etc.) выманивать у кого-л. /обрабатывать кого-л., чтобы получить/ деньги взаймы и т.д.
    5) work smth. into smth. work a piano into a room втащить рояль в комнату; work the stone into the ring вправить камень в кольцо; work a pin into a hole вставить штифт в отверстие; work this quotation into a speech (an incident into a book, etc.) включать цитату в речь и т.д.; work smth. through (to) smb., smth. work one's way through the crowd (through the jungle, through the desert, through snow-fields, to the front of the crowd, to the summit, etc.) пробиваться через толпу и т.д.; work one's way to a position of responsibility добиваться положения в обществе

    English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > work

  • 7 initial

    [ɪ'nɪʃl] 1. adj 2. n

    can I have your initial, Mrs Jones? — poproszę o pierwszą literę Pani imienia, Pani Jones

    3. vt
    * * *
    [i'niʃəl] 1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) początkowy
    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) inicjał
    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) parafować

    [-ʃieit]

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.) zapoczątkować

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.) wtajemniczyć

    [-ʃiət]

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).) wtajemniczony

    - initiation
    - initiative

    English-Polish dictionary > initial

  • 8 burn

    1. I
    1) coal (gas, wood, fire, etc.) burns уголь и т. д. горит; stone (damp wood, etc.) won't burn камень и т. д. не горит; tile house is.burning в доме пожар; дом в огне
    2) the milk (the fish, the sauce, etc.) has burnt молоко и т. д. подгорело; see to it that the meat does not burn смотри, чтобы не подгорело /не сгорело/ мясо
    3) pepper (mustard, etc.) burns перец и т. д. жжет /обжигает/ рот
    4) my hand (smb.'s face, the child's forehead, smb.'s head, the swollen ankle, the wound, etc.) is burning моя рука и т. д. горит; the patient is all burning больной в жару /весь горит/
    2. II
    1) burn in some manner burn well (gaily, cheerfully, quietly, dimly /dim/. glowingly, vigorously, furiously, etc.) хорошо и т. д. гореть; the fire is burning brightly /bright/ огонь ярко горит; burn easily легко загораться /воспламеняться/; paper burns easily бумага хорошо горит; lie lias a skin that burns easily у нero такая кожа, что он сразу обгорает; burn at some time burn all night гореть всю ночь; lights were burning far into the night свет горел далеко за полночь
    2) burn in some manner burn inwardly (ardently. radiantly, etc.) внутренне и т. д. пылать /гореть/
    3. III
    1) burn smth. burn paper (a letter, one's old toys, all one's things, a house,. the whole village, etc.) сжигать бумагу и т. д.; burn the carpet прожечь ковер; burn the fish (the cake, the milk, etc.) дать рыбе и т. д. подгореть; be careful not to burn the meat смотри, чтобы мясо не подгорело: some acids are strong enough to burn wood есть такие сильные кислоты, которые могут прожечь дерево; burn smb. burn witches (heretics, etc.) сжигать ведьм и т. д. id burn one's boats сжигать свои корабли; money burns his fingers =burn. деньги у него не задерживаются
    2) burn smth. burn tiles (clay, etc.) обжигать изразцы и т. д.
    3) burn smth. burn one's fingers (one's arm, the skin, etc.) обжигать пальцы и т. д.; pepper (this drink, mustard, etc.) burns my tongue (the throat, etc.) перец и т. д. жжет /обжигает/ мне язык и т. д.; be careful not to burn your mouth (your fingers, etc.) осторожнее, не обожги рот и т. д.
    4) burn smth. burn coal (wood, gas, oil, etc.) работать на угле и т. д., most steamships now burn oil instead of coal большинство пароходов работает теперь на нефти, а не на угле; this make of саг burns a great deal of petrol эта марка машины расходует много бензина
    4. IV
    burn smth. in some manner burn one's tongue (one's finger, etc.) badly сильно обжечь язык и т. д.; burn smth. at some time you've burnt the roast again ты опять сожгла жаркое, у тебя опять подгорело жаркое
    5. VI
    burn smth. to some extent burn the pie (the roast, the steak, etc.) black совсем /до угольев/ сжечь пирог и т. д; burn smb. in some manner burn people alive сжигать людей заживо
    6. VII
    burn smth. to do smth. people used to burn candles to get light раньше жилье освещали свечами
    7. XI
    1) be burnt the soup (this meat, etc.) is burnt суп и т. д. подгорел; be burnt in some manner be terribly (badly, slightly, etc.) burnt быть сильно и т. д. обожженным, получить сильные ожоги, сильно подгореть; the ground was burnt hard by the sun от палящего солнца земля стала твердой /высохла/; get smth. burnt get one's fingers burnt a) обжечься, обжечь пальцы; 6) попасть /впутаться/ в неприятное положение; be (get) burnt on /about/ smth. get burnt on the hands (on the feet, etc.) получить ожог рук и т. д.; he is burnt about the face у него ожоги на лице /обожжено лицо/
    2) Ъе (get) burnt to death получить смертельные ожоги, умереть от ожогов; Joan of Arc was burnt to death [at the stake] Жанна Д'Арк была сожжена [на костре]
    3) be burnt out of smth. the Indians were burnt out, of the forest индейцев выкурили из леса
    8. XIII
    burn to do smth. usually in the' Continuous be burning to tell the truth (to leave the place, etc.) сгорать от желания /нетерпения/ рассказать правду и т. д.
    9. XV
    burn in some manner burn low тлеть; the sidewalk is burning hot тротуар раскален; burn blue гореть синим пламенем; the potatoes have burnt black картошка совсем сгорела /сгорела дотла/
    10. XVI
    1) burn in smth. burn in the grate (in the fire, etc.) гореть в камине и т. д).; а light is burning in the window в окне горит свет; all lights were burning in the house в доме горели все лампы; burn with (without) smth. burn with a crackle (with a purple flame, with a dull light, without flame, without smoke, etc.) гореть потрескивая и т. д.
    2) burn to some state the pie (the fish, potatoes, etc.) burnt to a crisp пирог и т. д). совсем сгорел; the stake burnt to cinders от бифштекса остались одни угли
    3) burn with smth. usually in the Continmus be burning with shame (with impatience, with curiosity, etc.) сгорать от стыда и т. д., be burning with hatred (with desire, with enthusiasm. etc.) гореть ненавистью и т. д., be burning with anger (with rage, with wrath, etc.) кипеть от злости и r. д., burn with love (with passion, with ardour) пылать любовью и т. д.; he is burning with envy (with jealousy) его сжигает /гложет/ зависть (ревность); he is burning; with ambition (with pride, etc.) его обуревает честолюбие и т. д., they were burning with religious zeal ни обуяло религиозное рвение; burn with fever быть в жару, гореть в лихорадке; burn in smth. anger (hatred, etc.) burnt in his heart в его сердце кипела злоба и т. д.
    4) burn into (upon) smth. burn into smb.'s memory врезаться в чью-л. память; burn into (upon) smb.'s mind (into smb.'s soul) оставлять неизгладимый след в чьей-л. памяти (в чьей-л. душе); what he saw burnt into his soul то, что он увидел, запало ему в душу
    11. XVIII
    burn oneself look out you'll burn yourself! осторожнее, [ты] обожжешься!; the child burnt itself badly playing with fire играя с огнем, ребенок получил сильные ожоги
    12. XIX1
    || burn like matchwood (like tinder) =burn гореть как солома
    13. XXI1
    1) burn smth. in (on) smth. burn one's initials on a handle выжигать свой инициалы на ручке; burn a hole in a rug прожигать дыру в ковре; burn smth. to smth. burn a house (a building, a village, etc.) to the ground /to ashes/ сжигать дом и т. д. дотла; burn one's fingers to the bone сжигать пальцы до кости; burn the pie (the bacon, the steak, etc.) to cinders /to a crisp/ дать пирогу и т. д. сильно подгореть; burn smth., smb. on (at) smth. burn one's hand (one's finger, one's arm, etc.) on a hot iron обжечь руку и т. д. о горячий утюг; burn heretics (witches, etc.) at the stake сжигать еретиков и т. д. на костре
    2) burn smb. out of smth. burn soldiers out of a fort (people out of a house, a fox out of a hole, etc.) выкуривать солдат из крепости и т. д.

    English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > burn

  • 9 write

    1. I
    1) learn (be able, be unable, know how, etc.) to write учиться и т.д. писать; show a child how to write учить ребенка писать; this pen does not write эта ручка не пишет
    2) make a living by writing зарабатывать на жизнь литературным трудом, быть профессиональным писателем; his ambition was to write его мечтой было стать писателем
    3) he promised to write он обещал писать
    2. II
    1) write in some manner write very well (neatly, clearly /legibly/, properly, very badly, small, etc.) писать аккуратно и т.д.; this реп writes scratchily это перо царапает
    2) write at some time write every week (once a week, regularly, often, rarely, occasionally, etc.) писать (письма) каждую неделю и т.д.; write somewhere write home писать домой
    3) write in some manner write amusingly (cleverly, satirically, ironically, convincingly, realistically, dogmatically, etc.) писать занятно и т.д.; write clearly and forcibly писать /выражать свои мысли/ четко и убедительно
    3. III
    write smth.
    1) write words (Greek letters, one's alphabet, two copies of a letter, your address, etc.) писать /написать/ слова и т.д.; write Chinese characters писать китайскими иероглифами; write one's name a) написать свое имя; б) поставить свою подпись; write shorthand стенографировать; write a good (round, legible, niggling, etc.) hand иметь хороший и т.д. почерк; he wrote several pages он исписал несколько страниц
    2) write a book (a poem, a novel, essays, an article, a story, a review, a report, smb.'s biography, etc.) писать /написать/ книгу и т.д.; write music (a symphony, songs, etc.) сочинять музыку и т.д.
    3) write a letter (a note, a message, etc.) написать письмо и т.д.; write a cheque (a certificate, a prescription, an order, etc.) выписывать чек и т.д.; write one's will (an application, etc.) составить заявление и т.д.
    4. IV
    1) write smth. in some manner write English well (Spanish better than he speaks it, a letter hurriedly, etc.) хорошо писать по-английски и т.д.; he cannot write even a letter satisfactorily он даже письма не может написать как надо; write smth. somewhere write your name here поставьте свою подпись вот-здесь
    2) write smb. at some time write smb. every day (twice a week, often, at once, etc.) писать кому-л. каждый день и т.д.; we wrote you last week мы отправили вам письмо на прошлой неделе; have you written your family yet? вы уже написали домой?
    5. V
    write smb. smth. write me a nice long letter напишите мне хорошее длинное письме; write me an account of his visit опишите мне подробно, как он у вас погостил; he wrote us all the news он сообщил нам все новости; I shall write him a letter every week я буду писать ему [по письму] каждую неделю
    6. VII
    write smb. to do smth. write him to come (to send the books, etc.) написать ему, чтобы он приехал и т.д.
    7. XI
    1) be written in /with/ smth. it is written in ink (in pen, in pencil, with the reformed alphabet, with Chinese characters, with different ideographs, etc.) это написано чернилами и т.д.; it is written in English это написано по-английски; this word is written with a 'g' (with a hyphen, etc.) это слово пишется через букву 'g' и т.д.; be written somewhere the name is written underneath подпись стоит внизу; the paper is written all over бумажка вся исписана; be written by smb., smth. that was not written by me это написано не мной; be written by hand быть написанным от руки
    2) be written by smb. they found that this story was also written by Chekhov они установили, что этот рассказ был также написан Чеховым; be written for smth. the article is written expressly for the use of the paper эта статья написана специально для газеты; be written in some manner the story is briskly (brightly, carefully, well, etc.) written рассказ написан живо и т.д.; this letter is well written but badly spelt это письмо хорошо написано, но в нем масса орфографических ошибок
    3) be written to he ought to be written to ему следует написать /сообщить/, его надо известить; be written that... it is written that the book will come out next year сообщают, что эта книга выйдет в будущем году
    4) be written on /in/ smth. honesty (candour, frankness, innocence, refinement, his selfishness, etc.) is written on /in/ his face у него честное и т.д. лицо; his guilt is written on his face по лицу видно /у него на лице написано/, что он виноват; be written in one's soul (in one's heart) быть запечатленным в сердце (в душе) || there's detective written all over him по всему его виду можно безошибочно сказать, что он сыщик; сразу видно, что он сыщик
    8. XII
    have smth. written on /in/ smth. he has guilt (fear, trouble. care, etc.) written on his face, (in his eyes, etc.) у него на лице и т.д. написано, что он виноват и т.д.
    9. XIII
    write to do smth. write to let them know that... (to say that..., etc.) написать [для того], чтобы сообщить им, что... и т.д.
    10. XVI
    1) write on (in, under, etc.) smth. write on a blackboard (on both sides of the paper, on parchment, on the slate, etc.) писать на доске и т.д.; write in one's notebook записывать в тетрадь; write in the hotel register расписаться /записать свою фамилию/ в регистрационной книге гостиницы; write in the sand чертить на песке; write under the date подписаться) под датой; write at some time children learn to write in /from/ their sixth year /at the age of six/ дети начинают писать в шесть лет; write with /in/ smth. write with a pen (in pencil, with a ball-point pen, with ink, with chalk, etc.) писать ручкой и т.д.; I want something to write with мне надо что-нибудь, чем можно писать; write with the left hand писать левой рукой; write in big characters (in small letters, with small initials, etc.) писать большими буквами и т.д.; write in full писать полностью; write with abbreviations пользоваться сокращениями при письме; he writes in round hand у него круглый почерк; can you write in shorthand? вы умеете стенографировать?; write for some time I've been writing for three hours я уже три часа пишу || write from dictation писать под диктовку
    2) write about /of/ (on) smth. write about gardening (about the war, of the future entertainingly, about their customs, etc.) писать о садоводстве и т.д.; there are always plenty of topics to write about всегда есть много тем, на которые можно писать; write on the subject (too much on the matter, calmly and sensibly on the question, etc.) писать на данную тему /по данному вопросу/ и т.д.; write on mathematics (on Japan, etc.) писать о математике и т.д.; write in smth. write in the papers (in magazines, etc.) сотрудничать в газетах и т.д.; thus he writes in his recent book так он пишет в своей последней книге; write in verse (in good style, etc.) писать стихами и т.д.; write for smb., smth. write for young folk (for the masses, for a newspaper, for a magazine, for a musical theatre, for a prospectus. for posterity, etc.) писать для молодежи и т.д.; write for the screen писать для кино, писать сценарии; write for the stage писать пьесы, быть драматургом; write for a living зарабатывать литературным трудом; write against smb., smth. write against this author (against smb.'s book, etc.) выступать в печати против этого автора и т.д.; write with smth. write with ease (with artistic skill, etc.) писать с легкостью /легко/ и т.д. || write under a pen-name (under his own name) писать под псевдонимом (под своим именем)
    3) write to smb. write directly to his father (to you soon, to her family every week, to his mother, etc.) писать непосредственно его отцу и т.д.; he wrote to me [saying] that... он написал /сообщил/ мне, что...; write to him about his brother (about the business, about their victory, etc.) написать ему о его брате и т.д.; write to smth. write to London (to some little town, etc.) писать в Лондон и т.д.; write to his former address написать по его старому адресу; write to the Times (to a magazine, etc.) написать в газету "Тайме" и т.д.; write from some place write from Tokyo написать из Токио; write [to smb.] for smth. write to one's brother for advice (for a fresh supply, for money, etc.) написать брату с просьбой дать совет и т.д.; he wrote to me for help в письме он обратился ко мне за помощью
    11. XXI1
    1) write smth. in (to) (on, at, etc.) smth. write one's exercises in a copy-book (one's name in the visitors' book, the facts in one's diary, notes in the margin, etc.) писать /записывать/ упражнения в тетрадь и т.д.; write his name into the list внести его имя в список; write a new paragraph into a document вставить новый параграф в документ; write slogans on the wall (few words on a piece of paper, these figures on the board, etc.) писать лозунги на стене и т.д.; write your name at the bottom of the page распишитесь /поставьте свою подпись/ внизу страницы; write it in your own hand напишите /запишете/ это своей собственной рукой
    2) write smth. on /about/ smth. write a book on French history (an article about his experience in the Army, stories on topics about which they really know very little, etc.) писать книгу по французской истории и т.д.; write smth. for smth. write [the] music for a play сочинять /писать/ музыку для пьесы
    3) write smth. to smb. write a letter to him (a note to a friend, etc.) (надписать ему письмо и т.А; write smb. about smth. I will write you about the details later on я сообщу вам о подробностях позже
    12. XXV
    1) write if... (that..., etc.) write if you get work (that he has been ill, that he is leaving tomorrow, etc.) сообщить /написать/, если вы получите работу и т.д.
    2) write that... Shakespeare (Bacon, Herodotus, a great scholar, etc.) writes that... Шекспир и т.д. пишет /говорит/, что...
    13. XXVI
    write smb. that... (how..., etc.) write the family that he was staying with his brother (that she would be home for Christmas, etc.) сообщить /написать/ домой, что он гостит у брата и т.д.; write me how you got home напишите мне, как вы доехали [домой]

    English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > write

  • 10 cut

    1. I
    the scissors (the knife, etc.) won't cut ножницы и т. д. не режут /не берут/
    2. II
    1) bread (butter, cloth, sandstone, etc.) cuts easily (well, etc.) хлеб и т. д. режется легко и т. д.; this meat cuts tough это мясо трудно резать / нарезать/: а freshly baked cake doesn't cut easily свежий торт плохо режется
    2) the wind (the lash, etc.) cuts keenly /sharply/ ветер и т. д. с силой бьет /плещет/, ветер и т. д. режет как нож; the words (his remarks, etc.) cut deeply эти слова и т. д. глубоко задевают /обижают, ранят/
    3. III
    1) cut smth. cut cake (meat, paper, cloth, etc.) резать /разрезать, нарезать/ торт и т. д.; cut a book разрезать книгу; cut a slice of cake (a piece of cheese, etc.) отрезать кусок торта и т. д.; cut flowers (roses, grapes, asparagus, etc.) срезать цветы и т. д.; cut the grass (the hay) косить траву (сено); cut the corn (the wheat, the crops, etc.) жать /убирать/ хлеба и т. д.; cut timber валить лес; cut a clearing вырубать просеку; а ship cuts the water корабль разрезает волны
    2) cut smth. cut one's finger (one's hand, the skin, one's face, etc.) порезать /поранить/ палец и т. д., cut oneself порезаться, пораниться; cut one's (smb.'s) throat а) перерезать себе (кому-л.) горло; б) погубить себя (кого-л.); cut each other's throats перегрызать друг другу глотку
    3) cut smth. cut trees (a hedge, dry branches, a lawn, etc.) обрезать /подрезать, подстригать/ деревья и т. д.; cut smb.'s hair подстригать кого-л.; cut one's beard подстричь бороду
    4) cut smth. cut a play (a story, a text [in several places], etc.) сокращать пьесу и т. д., делать купюры в пьесе и т. д., he cuts films он работает на монтаже кинофильмов
    5) cut smth. cut a key (a screw, etc.) вырезать /выточить/ ключ и т. д; cut a canal провести канал
    6) cut smth. cut jewels гранить /шлифовать/ драгоценные камни
    7) cut smth. cut a coat (a shirt, a dress, etc.) кроить пиджак и т. д.; cut a pattern делать выкройку
    8) cut smth. cut the motor (the engine, etc.) выключать /заглушать/ мотор и т. д.; cut the ignition выключать зажигание; cut the connection прерывать связь; cut the teasing (the cackle, etc.) coll. перестать дразнить и т. д, cut the foolishness (the silly nonsense, etc.) прекратить эту чепуху и т. д.; cut it! coll. кончай!, прекрати!, брось!
    9) cut smth. cut prices (fares, etc.) снижать цены и т. д., cut smb.'s profits (smb.'s expenses, smb.'s salary, etc.) снижать /сокращать, урезывать/ чьи-л. доходы и т. д.
    10) cut smth. a brook cuts the field ручей проходит через /пересекает/ поле; one line cuts another одна линия пересекает другую, линии пересекаются; cut the comer срезать угол
    11) cut smth. coll. cut a lecture (a class, history, a meeting. school, etc.) пропускать /прогуливать/ лекцию и т. д.
    12) cut smb. coll. cut one's old friend (the new boy in the class, etc.) бойкотировать /игнорировать, делать вид, что не замечаешь/ старого друга и т. д.
    13) cut smth. cut grease (tar, turpentine. etc.) растворять жир и т. д.; cut alcohol разбавлять спирт || cut teeth резаться (о зубах), the baby has cut a tooth у ребенка прорезался зуб
    15) || cut the ball спор?. "погасить" мяч
    4. IV
    cut smth. in some manner
    1) cut smth. diagonally (deliberately, etc.) резать что-л. по диагонали и т. д., cut the pie generously резать пирог щедрой рукой, резать пирог большими кусками
    2) cut one's finger (smb.'s leg, etc.) badly (slightly, cruelly, etc.) сильно и т. д. порезать /поранить/ палец и т. д.
    5. VI
    cut smb., smth. into some state
    1) cut smb., smth. free (loose) освобождать /высвобождать/ кого-л., что-л.; cut loose a boat отвязать лиану; cut oneself free from ropes освободиться от верёвок; cut oneself loose from one's family (from one's friends, etc.) порвать со своей семьей и т. д.
    2) cut a letter (the package, etc.) open вскрывать письмо и т. д., cut one's head open разбить [себе] голову, раскроить себе череп; cut the meat (onions, parsley, etc.) small мелко порезать /порубить/ мясо и т. д.
    3) || cut smb.'s remarks (smb.'s trip, etc.) short coll., резко прерывать чьи-л. замечания и т. д.; cut smb. short coll., оборвать /резно прервать/ кого-л.; she cut me dead in the street мы столкнулись на улице, но она не ответила на мое приветствие /сделала вид, что не замечает меня/ id to cut a long story short короче говоря
    6. XI
    1) be cut the pages of the book need to be cut книга еще не разрезана, книгу надо разрезать
    2) be cut this paragraph will have to be cut этот абзац придется выкинуть; be cut in some place the movie had to be cut in several places a) в фильме пришлось выпустить /вырезать/ несколько кадров / мест/; б) в нескольких местах фильм пришлись перемонтировать; be cut to some amount the membership has been cut to 20 количество членов сократили до двадцати
    3) have smth. cut have one's hair cut постричься; have one's nails cut обстричь ногти
    4) be cut at some place the gas (the energy, tile electricity, etc.) was cut in the whole town во всем городе был отключен газ и т. д.,be cut for some time the water was cut for two hours вода была выключена на два часа
    7. XVI
    1) cut into smth. cut into a loaf (into a pie, etc.) начинать каравай /буханку/ и т.д., отрезать кусок от каравая /от буханки/ и т. д; the strap cuts into my shoulder ремень режет мне плечо; cut into smb.'s money (into one's earnings, into one's capital, etc.) брать /"заимствовать"/ из чужих денег и т. д.
    2) cut into smth. coll. cut into a conversation (into smb.'s thoughts, etc.) вмешиваться в разговор, прерывать разговор и г. д.
    3) cut летом smth. cut across the field (across the dance floor, etc.) пересекать поле и т.д., cut through smth. cut through the park (through the meadow, etc.) идти напрямик через парк и т. д., пересекать парк и т. д.; cut through the waves (through the air) разрезать волны и т. д.
    4) cut after smb. cut after the boy погнаться за мальчишкой; the enemy began to run and we cut after them противник побежал, а мы стали его преследовать
    5) cut летом smth. cut across smb.'s principles (across normal procedure, etc.) нарушать чьи-л. принципы, идти вразрез с чьими-л. принципами и т. д.
    6) cut for smb. cut for partners cards открывая карту, определить партнера
    8. XIX1
    cut like smth. cut like a knife резать как ножом
    9. XXI1
    1) cut smth. in (to) smth. cut smth. in (to) pieces (in two, into convenient lengths, into blocks, etc.) разрезать что-л. на куски и т.д.; cut smth. out of smth. cut a picture (a drawing, etc.) out of a book вырезать картинку и т. д. из книги; cut smth. to smth. cut smth. to ribbons (to shreds, etc.) резать что-л. на узкие полосы и т. д.; cut smth. with smth. cut smth. with a knife (with scissors, etc.) резать /нарезать, разрезать, отрезать/ что-л. ножом и т. д.
    2) cut smth. in (to) (on, through, etc.) smth. cut steps in a rock (a staircase in a wall, an entrance into the cell, etc.) вырубать /выдалбливать, высекать/ ступени в скале и т. д.; cut an opening through the wall прорезать /прорубить/ отверстие в стене; cut a road (a tunnel, etc.) through a mountain проложить / провести, пробить/ дорогу и т. д. в горах; cut smth. with smth. cut a hole with a spade (with an axe, etc.) вырыть яму лопатой и т. д.
    3) cut smth. in (into, on, etc.)smth. cut a figure in stone (a statue in marble, etc.) вытесывать /вырезать/ фигуру из камня и т. д., cut a new name in the tombstone высечь на надгробном памятнике еще одно имя; cut stones into various forms обтачивать /гранить/ камни, придавая им разные формы; cut one's name on the wall (one's initials on a tree) вырезать свое имя на стене и т. д.; cut smth. by smth. cut screw by hand нарезать /выточить/ шуруп вручную
    4) cut smth. with (against) smth. cut one's finger with a bit of glass (one's palm with a reed, one's knee against the stones, etc.) порезать /поранить/ палец стеклом и т. д., порезаться / пораниться/ о стекло и т. д., cut smth., smb. to smth. cut one's finger to the bone порезать палец до кости; cut smb. to the quick /to the heart, to the soul/ уязвлять; ранить кого-л. в самое сердце; задеть кого-л. за живое
    5) cut smb. with smth. cut a horse with a whip хлестать /бить/ лошадь кнутом; cut smb. to smth. the wind cuts [me] to the bone ветер пронизывает /пробирает/ [меня] до костей
    6) cut smth. with smb. cut a connection with smb. прервать связь с кем-л.
    7) cut smth. at smth. АВ cuts CD at E линия AB пересекает / делит/ линию CD в точке Е

    English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > cut

  • 11 initial

    i'niʃəl 1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) start-, begynnelses-, utgangs-
    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) forbokstav
    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) merke med ens initialer

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.) starte opp, sette i gang

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.) innvie, initiere, ta opp

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).) innviet (medlem)

    - initiation
    - initiative
    initial
    I
    subst. \/ɪˈnɪʃ(ə)l\/
    forbokstav, initial
    II
    verb \/ɪˈnɪʃ(ə)l\/
    1) signere, sette signatur på, undertegne med initialer, parafere
    2) merke med initialer
    III
    adj. \/ɪˈnɪʃ(ə)l\/
    1) begynnelses-, innledende
    2) utgangs-, første

    English-Norwegian dictionary > initial

  • 12 initial

    [i'niʃəl] 1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) fyrstur, byrjunar-
    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) upphafsstafur
    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) merkja upphafsstöfum

    [-ʃieit]

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.)

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.)

    [-ʃiət]

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).)

    - initiation
    - initiative

    English-Icelandic dictionary > initial

  • 13 initial

    [i'niʃəl] 1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) kezdeti
    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) kezdőbetű, iniciálé
    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) kézjeggyel ellát

    [-ʃieit]

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.) kezdeményez

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.) beavat vkit vmibe

    [-ʃiət]

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).) beavatott (személy)

    - initiation
    - initiative

    English-Hungarian dictionary > initial

  • 14 initial

    [i'niʃəl] 1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) inicial
    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) inicial
    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) rubricar

    [-ʃieit]

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.) iniciar

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.) iniciar

    [-ʃiət]

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).) iniciado

    - initiation
    - initiative
    * * *
    in.i.tial
    [in'iʃəl] n inicial: primeira letra de uma palavra. • vt pôr as iniciais, rubricar. • adj inicial, no princípio.

    English-Portuguese dictionary > initial

  • 15 initial

    adj. baştaki, baş, ilk
    ————————
    n. baş harf, ilk harf, önses
    * * *
    1. başlangıç 2. başlangıçtaki
    * * *
    [i'niʃəl] 1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) başlangıç, ilk, ön
    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) paraf, ismin baş harfleri
    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) parafe etmek

    [-ʃieit]

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.) başla(t)mak

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.) üyeliğe kabul etmek/sokmak

    [-ʃiət]

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).) yeni üye

    - initiation
    - initiative

    English-Turkish dictionary > initial

  • 16 initial

    [i'niʃəl] 1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) začeten
    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) začetnica
    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) parafirati

    [-ʃieit]

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.) vpeljati

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.) vpeljati

    [-ʃiət]

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).) novinec

    - initiation
    - initiative
    * * *
    I [iníšəl]
    adjective ( initially adverb)
    začeten, prvoten
    initial word — kratica, sestavljena iz začetnih črk (npr. UNRA)
    II [iníšəl]
    noun
    začetnica (črka), velika začetnica; plural monogram, inicialke
    III [iníšəl]
    transitive verb
    zaznamovati z začetnimi črkami, parafirati; napraviti monogram

    English-Slovenian dictionary > initial

  • 17 initial

    • nimikirjaimet
    • nimikirjain
    • varustaa nimikirjaimilla
    • esi-
    • etukirjain
    • alku
    • alkukirjain
    • alku-
    • allekirjoittaa
    • alkuperäinen
    • merkitä nimikirjaimensa
    • neitseellinen
    • parafoida
    • sananalkuinen
    • lähtö
    * * *
    i'niʃəl 1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) alku-
    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) alkukirjain, nimikirjaimet
    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) merkitä nimikirjaimensa

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.) panna alulle

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.) vihkiä jäseneksi

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).) jäseneksi vihitty

    - initiation
    - initiative

    English-Finnish dictionary > initial

  • 18 initial

    I 1. [ɪ'nɪʃl]
    nome iniziale f.
    2.
    aggettivo iniziale
    II [ɪ'nɪʃl]
    verbo transitivo (forma in -ing ecc. BE - ll-, AE -l-) apporre le proprie iniziali su, siglare [ document]
    * * *
    [i'niʃəl] 1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) iniziale
    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) iniziale
    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) siglare

    [-ʃieit]

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.)

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.)

    [-ʃiət]

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).)

    - initiation
    - initiative
    * * *
    I 1. [ɪ'nɪʃl]
    nome iniziale f.
    2.
    aggettivo iniziale
    II [ɪ'nɪʃl]
    verbo transitivo (forma in -ing ecc. BE - ll-, AE -l-) apporre le proprie iniziali su, siglare [ document]

    English-Italian dictionary > initial

  • 19 initial

    [i'niʃəl] 1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) sākotnējs; sākuma-
    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) iniciālis
    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) parakstīt ar iniciāļiem; parafēt (līgumu)

    [-ʃieit]

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.) ierosināt; ieviest; uzsākt

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.) ievest (sabiedrībā)

    [-ʃiət]

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).) iesācējs; jaunuzņemtais

    - initiation
    - initiative
    * * *
    sākumburts; iniciāļi; parakstīt ar iniciāļiem; sākotnējs, sākuma

    English-Latvian dictionary > initial

  • 20 initial

    [i'niʃəl] 1. adjective
    (of, or at, the beginning: There were difficulties during the initial stages of building the house.) pradinis
    2. noun
    (the letter that begins a word, especially a name: The picture was signed with the initials JJB, standing for John James Brown.) inicialas
    3. verb
    (to mark or sign with initials of one's name: Any alteration on a cheque should be initialled.) pasirašyti inicialais

    [-ʃieit]

    1) (to start (eg a plan, scheme, changes, reforms etc): He initiated a scheme for helping old people with their shopping.) pradėti, duoti pradžią

    2) (to take (a person) into a society etc, especially with secret ceremonies: No-one who had been initiated into the society ever revealed the details of the ceremony.) priimti (į slaptą draugiją)

    [-ʃiət]

    (a person who has been initiated (into a society etc).) naujai priimtasis

    - initiation
    - initiative

    English-Lithuanian dictionary > initial

Страницы

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